INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS

UNIT –I 

UV Visible spectroscopy 

Electronic transitions, chromophores, auxochromes, spectral shifts, solvent effect on absorption spectra, Beer and Lambert’s law, Derivation and deviations. 

Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, sample cells, detectors- Photo tube, Photomultiplier tube, Photo voltaic cell, Silicon Photodiode. 

Applications - Spectrophotometric titrations, Single component and multi component analysis 

Fluorimetry 

Theory, Concepts of singlet, doublet and triplet electronic states, internal and external conversions, factors affecting fluorescence, quenching, instrumentation and applications 

UNIT –II 

IR spectroscopy 

Introduction, fundamental modes of vibrations in poly atomic molecules, sample handling, factors affecting vibrations 

Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, detectors - Golay cell, Bolometer, Thermocouple, Thermister, Pyroelectric detector and applications 

Flame Photometry

Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

 Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications 

Nepheloturbidometry- Principle, instrumentation and applications 

UNIT –III

Introduction to chromatography

Adsorption and partition column chromatography- Methodology, advantages, disadvantages and applications. 

Thin layer chromatography- Introduction, Principle, Methodology, Rf values, advantages, disadvantages and applications. 

Paper chromatography-Introduction, methodology, development techniques, advantages, disadvantages and applications 

Electrophoresis Introduction, factors affecting electrophoretic mobility, Techniques of paper, gel, capillary electrophoresis, applications 

UNIT –IV 

Gas chromatography - Introduction, theory, instrumentation, derivatization, temperature programming, advantages, disadvantages and applications 

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-Introduction, theory, instrumentation, advantages and applications. (HPTLC Starts from Page no : 71 Onwards)

UNIT –V 

Ion exchange chromatography- Introduction, classification, ion exchange resins, properties, mechanism of ion exchange process, factors affecting ion exchange, methodology and applications 

Gel chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications

Affinity chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications.

PRACTICAL

1 Determination of absorption maxima and effect of solvents on absorption maxima of organic compounds 
2 Estimation of dextrose by colorimetry 
3 Estimation of sulfanilamide by colorimetry 
4 Simultaneous estimation of ibuprofen and paracetamol by UV spectroscopy 
5 Assay of paracetamol by UV- Spectrophotometry 
6 Estimation of quinine sulfate by fluorimetry 
7 Study of quenching of fluorescence 
8 Determination of sodium by flame photometry 
9 Determination of potassium by flame photometry 
10 Determination of chlorides and sulphates by nephelo turbidometry 
11 Separation of amino acids by paper chromatography 
12 Separation of sugars by thin layer chromatography 
13 Separation of plant pigments by column chromatography 
14 Demonstration experiment on HPLC 
15 Demonstration experiment on Gas Chromatography 

Recommended Books (Latest Editions) 

1. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis by B.K Sharma 
2. Organic spectroscopy by Y.R Sharma
3. Text book of Pharmaceutical Analysis by Kenneth A. Connors 
4. Vogel’s Text book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis by A.I. Vogel 
5. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry by A.H. Beckett and J.B. Stenlake 
6. Organic Chemistry by I. L. Finar 
7. Organic spectroscopy by William Kemp 
8. Quantitative Analysis of Drugs by D. C. Garrett
9. Quantitative Analysis of Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulations by P. D. Sethi 
10. Spectrophotometric identification of Organic Compounds by Silverstein 

Post a Comment

0 Comments