PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

1. Basic principles of cell injury and Adaptation 

   a)  Causes, Pathogenesis and morphology of cell injury


b) Abnormalities in lipoproteinaemia, glycogen infiltration and glycogen storage diseases

2. Inflammation
   
   a) Pathogenesis of acute inflammation, Chemical mediators in inflammation, Types of                chronic inflammation
   b)  Repairs of wounds in the skin, factors influencing healing of wounds

3. Diseases of Immunity

   a)  Introduction to Tand B cells
   b)  MHC proteins or transplantation antigens    
   c)  Immune tolerance  
         -  Hypersensitivity          
            Hypersensitivity type I, II, III, IV,             Biological significance, 
            Allergy  due to food, chemicals and drugs
        -  Autoimmunity:
              Criteria for autoimmunity, 
              Classifications of autoimmune diseases in man, mechanism of autoimmunity,                        Transplantation and immunologic tolerance, 
              allograft rejections,   
              transplantation antigens, 
              mechanism of rejection of  allograft.
       - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

 - Amylodosis

4 Cancer

• Differences between benign and malignant tumors
• Histological diagnosis of malignancy
• Invasions and metastasis
• Patterns of spread
• Disturbances of growth of cells
• Classification of tumors
• General biology of tumors
• Spread of malignant tumors 
• Etiology and pathogenesis of cancer.

5. Types of shock, mechanisms, stages and management

6. Biological effects of radiation

7. Environmental and nutritional diseases
    i)  Air pollution and smoking- SO2,NO, NO2, and CO
    ii)  Protein calorie malnutrition, vitamins, obesity, pathogenesis of starvation.

8 Pathophysiology of common diseases

 a. Parkinsonism
 b. Schizophrenia    

 c. Depression and Mania

 d. Hypertension

 e. Stroke (ischaemic and hemorrhage)
 f. Angina, CCF, Atherosclerosis, Myocardial infarction
 g. Diabetes Mellitus      
 h. Peptic ulcer and inflammatory bowel diseases  
  i. Cirrhosis and Alcoholic liver diseases
  j. Acute and chronic renal failure    
 k. Asthma and chronic obstructive airway diseases

9 Infectious diseases :

•    Sexually transmitted diseases (HIV, Syphilis, Gonorrhea)
•    Urinary tract infections
•    Pneumonia
•    Typhoid
•    Tuberculosis
•    Leprosy
•    Malaria
•    Dysentery (Bacterial and Amoebic )      
•    Hepatitis- infective hepatitis